An investigation of semantic universals in Yoruba language across different dialects in Osun State
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Background of the study
Semantic universals refer to concepts or meanings that remain consistent across different linguistic varieties. In the Yoruba language, which is spoken in multiple dialects across Osun State, certain semantic elements appear to persist despite phonological or syntactic differences. This investigation explores the existence and nature of semantic universals in Yoruba, examining core vocabulary, cultural idioms, and traditional expressions that maintain stable meanings across dialectal variations (Olayinka, 2023). The study draws on comparative linguistic analysis and fieldwork, gathering data from various communities in Osun State. Researchers hypothesize that shared historical, cultural, and environmental factors contribute to semantic uniformity, ensuring effective communication and cultural cohesion among Yoruba speakers. This study will analyze lexical items from different dialects to determine whether semantic meanings remain constant or if they undergo subtle shifts influenced by regional variation. The outcomes are expected to provide insights into the cognitive and cultural bases of semantic universals, contributing to theories of language evolution and standardization (Adebola, 2024).
Statement of the problem
Although semantic universals have been proposed in linguistic theory, there is limited empirical research on their manifestation in Yoruba dialects in Osun State. Preliminary observations suggest that while some words maintain stable meanings, others show regional divergence, creating challenges in communication and language teaching. This study seeks to fill this gap by systematically comparing semantic values across dialects.
Objectives of the study
- To identify lexical items with stable semantic meanings across Yoruba dialects.
- To analyze variations in meaning among different dialects.
- To evaluate the factors that contribute to semantic universality.
Research questions - What are the semantic universals in Yoruba across Osun State?
- How do dialectal differences influence meaning?
- What cultural factors contribute to semantic stability?
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it enhances our understanding of cross-dialectal semantic consistency in Yoruba. Its findings will inform language teaching and standardization efforts, fostering unity among diverse Yoruba-speaking communities (Oluwaseun, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study
This study is limited to examining semantic universals in Yoruba across dialects in Osun State and does not cover other linguistic features or regions.
Definitions of terms - Semantic Universals: Meanings that remain consistent across different language varieties.
- Dialect: A regional or social variety of a language.
- Yoruba Language: A major language spoken in southwestern Nigeria.
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